微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)英文版名詞解釋超詳細(xì)

1、1微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)名詞解釋Chapter1businesscycle經(jīng)濟(jì)周期fluctuationsineconomicactivitysuchasemploymentproductioneconomics經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)，國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況thestudyofhowsocietymanagesitsscarce缺乏的，罕見的resourcesefficiencyn.功效效率，效能實(shí)力，能力[物]性能thepropertyofsocietygettin

2、gthemostitcanfromitsscarceresourcesequalityn.同等，平等[數(shù)]相等，等式thepropertyofdistributingeconomicprosperityunifmlyamongthemembersofsocietyexternality[ekst????nl?t?]外部性theuncompensatedimpactofoneperson’sactionsonthewellbeingofa

3、byster旁觀者局外人看熱鬧的人incentivesomethingthatinducesapersontoactInflation[?nfle????(?)n]anincreaseintheoveralllevelofpricesintheeconomymarginalchangessmallincremental增加的adjustmentstoaplanofactionmarketeconomyaneconomythatalloc

4、atesresourcesthroughthedecentralized權(quán)力分散人口疏散密度分散decisionsofmanyfirmshouseholdsastheyinteractinmarketsfgoodsservicesmarketfailureasituationinwhichamarketleftonitsownfailstoallocate分配，分派把…撥給英[?l?ke?t]resourcesefficientlyma

5、rketpowertheabilityofasingleeconomicact(smallgroupofacts)tohaveasubstantialinfluenceonmarketpricesopptunitycostwhatevermustbegivenuptoobtainsomeitemproductivitythequantityofgoodsservicesproducedfromeachunitoflabinputprop

6、ertyrightstheabilityofanindividualtoownexercisecontroloverscarceresourcesrationalpeoplepeoplewhosystematicallypurposefullydothebesttheycantoachievetheirobjectivesscarcitythelimitednatureofsociety’sresources3absoluteadvan

7、tagetheabilitytoproduceagoodusingfewerinputsthananotherproducercomparativeadvantagetheabilitytoproduceagoodataloweropptunitycostthananotherproducerexptsgoodsproduceddomestically美[d?mest?kl?】合乎國內(nèi)的soldabroadimptsgoodsprodu

8、cedabroadsolddomesticallyopptunitycostwhatevermustbegivenuptoobtainsomeitemChapter4competitivemarket完全競爭完全競爭市場市場amarketwithmanybuyerssellers[sel?]tradingidentical同一的，完全相同的美[a??d?nt?k?l]productssothateachbuyersellerisapri

9、cetakerComplements互補(bǔ)互補(bǔ)品[kɑmpl?m?nt]twogoodsfwhichanincreaseinthepriceofoneleadstoadecreaseinthedemftheotherdemcurve需求曲線求曲線agraphoftherelationshipbetweenthepriceofagoodthequantitydemeddemscheduleatablethatshowstherelation